1. Hydraulic Pressure Generation: The pump, driven by the engine through a belt, generates hydraulic pressure using power steering fluid.
2. Fluid Circulation: This pressurized fluid is sent to the steering gear (or rack and pinion), where it assists in turning the wheels.
3. Driver Assist: The added hydraulic force helps the driver turn the steering wheel more easily, providing smoother and less strenuous steering.

Types of Power Steering Pumps

• Vane Pumps: Common in many vehicles, use vanes that slide out to create pressure.
• Gear Pumps: Utilize interlocking gears to generate hydraulic pressure.
• Piston Pumps: Feature pistons for generating pressure, often found in heavy-duty applications.

Common Issues

• Leaking Power Steering Fluid: This can lead to reduced steering assist and potential pump damage.
• Whining Noise: Often a sign of low power steering fluid or pump wear.
• Stiff Steering: Caused by a failing pump or low fluid levels, which makes steering more difficult.